The question of apartheid in Israel/Palestine

The latest from Lia Tarachansky:

About Adam Horowitz

Adam Horowitz is Co-Editor of Mondoweiss.net.
Posted in Israel/Palestine

{ 20 comments... read them below or add one }

  1. Interesting comments on the parallel systems of criminal law.

    I’m curious as to title law.

    It was also interesting that even when referring to the West Bank, the human rights attorney (certainly selected for his commitment to justice) described the situation as approaching apartheid, not apartheid, and “containing features of apartheid”.

    Important comments.

    • Shingo says:

      “It was also interesting that even when referring to the West Bank, the human rights attorney (certainly selected for his commitment to justice) described the situation as approaching apartheid, not apartheid, and “containing features of apartheid”.”

      Yes Witty, when something contains features of apartheid and looks like apartheid, then it is apartheid.

    • Dan Crowther says:

      Richard,

      Interesting indeed. Desmond Tutu says that Palestinians under occupation are much worse off than blacks under South African apartheid. The attorney here reveals a common theme among “liberal zionists” – criticize to a point; but never assign Scary Titles like fascism, apartheid, ethnic cleansing etc. They are close, and maybe getting closer to doing so, but Mr. Sfard ( like many others) makes me think that it will be 10-15 years of full-fledged -no- doubt -about-it apartheid before they are willing to admit to reality.

    • Taxi says:

      How about ‘Apartheid in Fluctuating Degrees’?

      This acceptable to you, Master Richard Witty, sir?

      Honestly dude, you really are a dimwit to think your passive-agressive semantic nit-picking will deflect from the crimes against humanity that israel practices daily on a Palestinian population.

      Just give it up, Richie. By now you know all too well that israel’s occupation has turned its very moral core rotten. And even though israel’s war booty and military muscle keep increasing, yet the very fiber of its moral communities are becoming undone stitch-by-stitch.

      It’s an ugly sight watching israel die by the proverbial one-thousand-pinpricks, Richard, but you MUST face the facts as they stand TODAY, not yesteryear: israel is a sick and doomed society – no escape from this big picture when israel’s sickness is so well documeted.

      You’re more useful to your people, Richard, if you do like what Adam and Phil are doing: Sound off the foghorns, sirens and alarms when the ship is clearly sinking!

    • AM says:

      Because it gives you wiggle room as you try to sow seeds of ambiguity to strengthen any of your morally untenable positions?

      As a lawyer he may take the pure legalistic approach in defining apartheid.

      It is interesting how he described the situation as ‘containing features of apartheid’, along with the example he cited where a completely different set of laws applies to Palestinians.

      Important comments.

    • Chaos4700 says:

      Yeah. Desmond Tutu I only compared what Israel was doing on the West Bank to apartheid, and didn’t equate it directly to the apartheid he lived under.

      Of course, he called it worse than apartheid.

    • Surcouf says:

      Interesting comments on the parallel systems of criminal law.

      Interesting!?! Really!?! Did we watch the same video? Because Interestingwas not the first word that popped into my head while watching it. Despicable was more like it. It made me sick to my stomach to see how the discrimination and segregation against Palestinians by their Israeli overlords was so well planned. It is totally abject to treat other human beings in such a way. How is Israel “humanizing the other” with such policies is beyond me.

      Tell us Richard, do these Israeli policies help “Israel to legitimize itself” or do they help “Israel to delegitimize itself”? I’m curious to know.

    • Sumud says:

      “certainly selected for his commitment to justice”

      But no. I would say he displays a greater commitment to Israel than justice. A kindred spirit Richard..

      He’s prepared to overlook the 30+ different laws that Israel applies to non-jews (Palestinian Israelis) and jewish Israelis – different laws for different groups: the hallmark of apartheid.

      His explanation of the law as it applies to Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territories is also inadequate: for Palestinians there are no limits on the length of detention before going before a court, nor on extension of detention. B’Tselem report there are currently 199 Palestinians being held in administrative detention, no charges, no judges, no jury – just because “we can”. Because Israeli PMs approve. Because US Presidents approve.

      Title law is also non-existent for Palestinians. The refugees whose land and villages were stolen, whose homes and property was looted in 1948 and 1967, and all those who have been turfed off their land in the 62 years between 1948 and now, because Israel declares an area a “closed military zone” or zones it a “green space” and hands it to the JNF so they can plant some trees and conceal the crimes of ethnic cleansing.

    • Sumud says:

      And for those reasons (the 30+ laws in Israel and administrative detention in the OPTYs), Lia Tarachansky kinda dropped the ball on this report. I would have liked to hear the Israeli lawyer’s response to those issues.

    • Sumud says:

      B’Tselem’s latest statistics on administrative detention.

      link to btselem.org

  2. David Samel says:

    I”m plesed to agree with Richard Witty on something – I found Michael Sfard’s comments quite illuminating. I had heard many times about the different systems of law, but this is the first time I’ve seen them explained, and explained quite well. I also would like to hear more about the interweaving of Ottoman, Mandatory, Jordanian and Israeli law with respect to land title.

    My thumbnail sketch of the apartheid comparison is this. The relationship between Jewish settlers and Palestinians in the West Bank is clearly quite similar to apartheid – complete separation, control by an ethnic minority of disproportionate resources, and a legal system dedicated to protecting the rights of that minority. Desmond Tutu has described it as worse than apartheid, and I don’t think there is any ground to dispute that.

    The relationship between Jewish citizens and non-Jewish citizens within Israel itself is not as bad as apartheid but is morally wrong for the same reason. It simply is unacceptable in the 21st century to distinguish between citizens based on ancestry. Apartheid lite should be a relic of history just like SA apartheid. The fact that the discriminatees have much longer roots on the land than the discriminators makes it even worse.

    Finally, those expressing outrage regarding the Israel-apartheid comparison should familiarize themselves with the close friendship, military and nuclear cooperation between Israel and apartheid SA, culminating in the warm Israeli welcome given to SA PM Vorster, who not only was an unrepentant defender of apartheid but also spent years in prison following WWII for his pro-Nazi activities.

    Apartheid really does provide excellent points of comparison with today’s Israel. No, they are not identical, but it is difficult to see how a Jewish State should continue to exist, with its inherently unequal treatment of people based on ethnicity and ancestry, while apartheid is rightly viewed as an evil system whose eradication was necessary.

    • Avi says:

      My thumbnail sketch of the apartheid comparison is this [...] complete separation, control by an ethnic minority of disproportionate resources, and a legal system dedicated to protecting the rights of that minority.

      The relationship between Jewish citizens and non-Jewish citizens within Israel itself is not as bad as apartheid but is morally wrong for the same reason.

      While the system in the occupied territories is by definition an Apartheid system, the system within Israel proper between the Palestinian citizens and the Jewish citizens is Apartheid in practice.

      For all intents and purposes Arab Knesset members have no political power or capital. When they are in influential positions they are excluded on purpose for ideological and ethnic reasons. For example, when Israel was deciding on “disengaging” from Gaza in 2005, Ahmad Tibi’s party was in a position to sway the vote against disengagement. The Knesset erupted in an uproar and Jewish MKs accused him and his party of being traitors and demanded that a different system be setup to conduct the voting.

      In so-called mixed cities, Palestinians live in enclaves, in separate neighborhoods, receive lower budgetary allotments and face discriminatory policies regarding construction, zoning and renovation permits, not to mention a complete disparity in social services and public works. That’s one of the main reasons why Arab neighborhoods in mixed cities like Haifa and Jaffa look run-down, while Jewish neighborhoods have better upkeep, green lawns and new roads.

      So, while on the surface there is a basic semblance of equality, city ordinances and policies tell a different story as does a quick study of Knesset decisions and legislative practices.

  3. Jim Haygood says:

    In the video, attorney Michael Sfard describes the differential treatment of a settler and a Palestinian who commit the same crime: the settler is tried in Israel in a civil court; the Palestinian in an Israeli-run military court.

    Aside from Witty’s semantic hairsplitting over apartheid, this situation is definitely indicative of martial law. How can the Palestinian Authority negotiate for peace, when it doesn’t even run its own courts? It’s a quisling government; a puppet regime.

    Sfard laid it all out: separate neighborhoods; separate roads, separate water systems, separate legal regimes. South Africa’s Group Areas Act segregated towns and neighborhoods, but there were no separate legal systems or roads. If anything, Israel’s illegal rule of the West Bank goes beyond the original, now defunct apartheid. It’s Apartheid 2.0, if you will — new, improved, and strictly kosher.

  4. radii says:

    the scarlet letter A is on everyone’s lips now, which is the point

  5. Henry Norr says:

    I have enormous respect for Michael Sfard, and I know the view he espouses in this clip – that Israel is approaching apartheid but isn’t there yet – is extremely common, even among people (like him) who actually know a lot about the condition of the Palestinians. But I can’t for the life of me understand this assessment. Sure, if you define apartheid as “the system they used to have in South Africa,” then of course there are many differences and there always will be. And if you think apartheid exists only when a minority dominates a majority, then we’re not quite there yet in terms of the population between the Jordan and the Mediterranean.

    But international law – specifically, the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid – doesn’t require that conditions be identical to those in pre-1994 South Africa, nor does it apply only in cases of minority rule – in fact, the words “minority” and “majority” donn’t even appear in the text. People who want to argue about this issue really should read the Convention, specifically the definition that makes up Article II:

    For the purpose of the present Convention, the term “the crime of apartheid”, which shall include similar policies and practices of racial segregation and discrimination as practised in southern Africa, shall apply to the following inhuman acts committed for the purpose of establishing and maintaining domination by one racial group of persons over any other racial group of persons and systematically oppressing them:

    (a) Denial to a member or members of a racial group or groups of the right to life and liberty of person:

    (i) By murder of members of a racial group or groups;

    (ii) By the infliction upon the members of a racial group or groups of serious bodily or mental harm, by the infringement of their freedom or dignity, or by subjecting them to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment;

    (iii) By arbitrary arrest and illegal imprisonment of the members of a racial group or groups;

    (b) Deliberate imposition on a racial group or groups of living conditions calculated to cause its or their physical destruction in whole or in part;

    (c) Any legislative measures and other measures calculated to prevent a racial group or groups from participation in the political, social, economic and cultural life of the country and the deliberate creation of conditions preventing the full development of such a group or groups, in particular by denying to members of a racial group or groups basic human rights and freedoms, including the right to work, the right to form recognized trade unions, the right to education, the right to leave and to return to their country, the right to a nationality, the right to freedom of movement and residence, the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association;

    (d) Any measures including legislative measures, designed to divide the population along racial lines by the creation of separate reserves and ghettos for the members of a racial group or groups, the prohibition of mixed marriages among members of various racial groups, the expropriation of landed property belonging to a racial group or groups or to members thereof;

    (e) Exploitation of the labour of the members of a racial group or groups, in particular by submitting them to forced labour;

    (f) Persecution of organizations and persons, by depriving them of fundamental rights and freedoms, because they oppose apartheid.

    On the basis of that definition, can there really be any question about whether Israel is guilty of the crime of apartheid?

    • Avi says:

      When Sfard was asked that question, it was clear that while his lips told one story, his body language told another.

      • Surcouf says:

        Avi said : When Sfard was asked that question, it was clear that while his lips told one story, his body language told another.

        And I would add his mind was probably telling another story. Any thoughtful and intelligent Israeli human rights lawyer, such as he comes across in the interview, knows full well that making a public statement about Israeli apartheid before a foreign television crew is not going to be well received within this tight-knit legal community. He knows full well that making such statement is not, at the very least, going to help him achieve his legal goals when he is challenging this system of apartheid in court. Hence his carefully worded statement.

        But just like most legal experts what is important is not what they say but what they write. If one is to look at what Michael Sfard writes in the confine of the litigations he is involved in, one gets a different picture. And the recognition that Israel policies in the OPT is apartheid is explicit. In his petition before the High Court of Justice on January 7th 2007 here is what he had to say:

        Article 7 of his legal brief : We have said “the process for the legal cementing of institutionalized,
        methodical and deliberate discrimination”, to which we will now add the
        broader context – it is a process which is designed to tighten the control of
        one national group over another. Here lies our disgrace at its worst: The
        combination of the two is precisely the legal definition of apartheid.

        Article 43 of his legal brief : In addition, regardless of whether we classify the matter as emanating from the
        international law of human rights or from the general principles of
        international law, the Petitioners shall claim that the Directive creates an
        apartheid regime, as well as a regime of persecution of a national group,
        both of which constitute international crimes.

        The entire legal brief can be found here : Petition for order nisi and interlocutory order

        There is no doubt here that in Michael Sfard’s mind if it walks like a duck, quacks like a duck, looks like a duck, it must be a duck.

  6. Jim Haygood says:

    ‘(c) Any legislative measures and other measures calculated to prevent a racial group or groups from participation in the political, social, economic and cultural life of the country.’

    Such as Israel’s Law of Return? Bingo — crime of apartheid.
    Quod erat demonstrandum.
    This ain’t complicated, folks.

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